Great Historical Scientists download free for windows 8.1 64bit last version

When it comes to scientists, brilliance and eccentricity seem to go hand in hand. Some of the most innovative minds in human history have also been the strangest. From eccentric geniuses to the downright insane, here are some of history's greatest mad scientists.

Indiana Jones can, but we’re still better off leaving archeology to actual archeologists—especially the ones correctly focusing 21 st- century technology toward making new, bizarre discoveries. On Thursday, scientists published an detailing the discovery of a gigantic void inside the Great Pyramid of Giza in Egypt, which they know is there thanks to the observation of an effect of cosmic rays formed at the edge of space that bombard our planet. It’s the first time in more than a century that a new major structure has been found in the Great Pyramid (also known as Khufu’s Pyramid), and it has eluded excavators since the pyramid was completed 4,500 years ago. Not since the Middle Ages has something this vast been found inside the megalith. The real question, however, is what’s inside the big room? Is it a hoard of valuable, rare treasure from the era of the Fourth Dynasty? A special room for ceremonial purposes or part of the burial rituals for Khufu?

The deceased pharaoh’s missing mummy itself? The discovery really just creates more questions than answers. “Being inaccessible, we still don’t know about any possible entrance points, and there may not be any, if this is some sort of construction gap,” says Harvard University–based Egyptologist Peter Der Manuelian. Moreover, he emphasizes, the muons don’t shed light about the void’s individual chambers (if any), form, size, or any possible objects. If there are people who have a clue of what’s inside or what the purpose of the room might be, they’re not willingly diving into the speculation game.

The paper’s authors don’t have much to say about what could be inside. “I know most people want to know about hidden chambers, grave goods, and the missing mummy of King Khufu,” says Manuelian. “None of that is on the table at this point. Until we know more about the shape, form, purpose, it’s not right to speculate wildly about it, at least not right for an Egyptologist.”. Redmount says that given the void’s similar size to the Grand Gallery and the knowledge that the pyramid’s interior went through several redesigns and changes before completion, the void might be another version of the Grand Gallery that was sealed off for one reason or another. Khufu’s Pyramid, she says, was built in an experimental period of pyramid development, and the Egyptians were still playing around with a lot of new ideas.

Famous Historical Scientists

English philosopher and historian of science William Whewell coined the term scientist in 1833, and it first appeared in print in. 'No one in the history of civilization has shaped our understanding of science and natural philosophy more than the great Greek. Apr 08, 2015 The following list commemorates 10 of the greatest scientists we’ve ever seen who. Researches in Electricity” and the “Chemical history of the. Scientists| Famous & Great Scientists in History. Main menu Skip to content. 1630) was a German astronomer and mathematician to whom scientists owe a great debt. So many people in this world have changed the way we live and think, with their inventions and work. Here is a list of some of the famous scientists in history, and a.

It wouldn’t be a major surprise if the void were actually just a vestigial, unfinished room. That wouldn’t be the most tantalizing finding, but it would be very illuminating for experts wanting to learn more about how the pyramids and other Egyptian monuments were built. One more thing You depend on Slate for sharp, distinctive coverage of the latest developments in politics and culture. Now we need to ask for your support.

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Support Us On Patreon: We Are Also On Steemit: As one would come to realise, while traversing such fields of research as we do, you will inevitably come face to face with a worthy adversary. That foe, of course, is modern paradigm. Often scoffed at when discussing the possible existence of a highly trained, highly secret group of worldwide individuals, who are tasked with the protection of a profitable lie. Often labelled a conspiracy theorist due to the vast array of missing evidence and stolen relics. Yet alas, regardless of this, we feel it is our duty to vindicate all those who have suffere, for doing nothing more than tell the truth. Many thanks to will hart over at nexus magazine in Spain for his exhaustive research. Let’s start with a familiar friend, The great sphinx.

In 1993, NBC aired a show titled, The Mysteries of the Sphinx, during the show, geological evidence was shown which indicated that the Sphinx was vastly older than Egyptologists currently claim. This evidence, has subsequently become popularly known as the 'water erosion controversy'. The Self-taught Egyptologist John Anthony West, first brought the evidence to the attention of geologist Dr Robert Schoch. Now, after thoroughly studying the Sphinx first hand, numerous geologists share West's conclusions, and many have announced their findings to the world Dr Zahi Hawass, along with the Egyptian antiquities, have launched a barrage of public criticism at this new evidence. Renowned Egyptologist Dr Mark Lehner, who is regarded as the world's foremost expert on the Sphinx, also joined this attack.

Publicly declaring West and Schoch as 'ignorant and insensitive'. The smear campaign was ultimately a success, and squashed any further exploration of the theory. This, regardless of the overwhelming evidence supporting their claims. And this intellectual “mudslinging” is unfortunately, quite common. The case of author Michael Cremo, could be seen as a well-documented example of this, and it also exposes just how the scientific establishment, openly uses pressure tactics on the media and government to stifle historical truths. In Michaels book, Forbidden Archaeology, he examines many artefacts that prove modern man's antiquity, far exceeds the age currently accepted by academia.

In 1996, when NBC broadcasted a special programme called The Mysterious Origins of Man, they covered material from Cremo's book. The reaction from the scientific community could be seen as verging on ridiculous. NBC was deluged with letters from furious scientists and others within certain fields, who all called the producer 'a fraud' and the whole program 'a hoax'. Even attempting to force NBC to not rebroadcast the popular program ever again. They went to the tremendous effort of presenting a case to the federal government, requesting that the Federal Communications Commission step in and bar NBC from airing the program again. This was not only an apparent infringement of free speech and a blatant attempt to thwart commerce, but up until that point, it was an unprecedented effort to censor intellectual discourse.

During the 1970’s, Dr Virginia Steen-McIntyre would also feel the cold hands of the conspiracy, a geologist working for the US Geological Survey, she was dispatched to an archaeological site in Mexico, with the task of dating a group of artefacts This particular case, again, perfectly illustrates just how far this illusive establishment, is willing to go to guard orthodox tenets. McIntyre used state-of-the-art equipment to date the relics, but her results were off the charts. The lead archaeologist expected a date of 25,000 years or less, yet she found dates of 250,000 years or more on multiple occasions.

A dating of 25,000 years, is conveniently critical to the Bering Strait crossing theory. Once her results were realised, the head archaeologists decided to dispose of Steen-McIntyre's results, subsequently asking for a new series of dating tests. Steen-McIntyre was given a chance to retract her conclusions, but she graciously refused.

She has since found it hard to get her papers published, and she also lost a teaching job at an American university. These sorts of scenarios from these particular types of people, is what drives us to expose the truth. No one should lose their career because they do are doing it correctly. Unfortunately however, unless there is a dramatic shift within our own society, stories such as these are likely to continue. Music By Alexander Hoff & Reverie.

The astronomer and scientist Galileo Galilei was famously convicted of heresy by the Roman Catholic Church for the theory that the planets revolved around the sun. In private letters, he that his beliefs hadn't changed. Writing to the Grand Duchess Christina of Tuscany, Galileo philosophers of his time who blindly valued Biblical authority over scientific evidence.

'I do not feel obliged to believe that the same God who has endowed us with senses, reason and intellect has intended us to forego their use and by some other means to give us knowledge which we can attain by them. He would not require us to deny sense and reason in physical matters which are set before our eyes and minds by direct experience or necessary demonstrations.' Known as the founder of the scientific method, Sir Francis Bacon believed that gathering and analyzing data in an organized way was essential to scientific progress. An, Bacon believed in the existence of God.

In an, Bacon wrote: 'God never wrought miracle to convince atheism, because his ordinary works convince it. It is true, that a little philosophy inclineth man’s mind to atheism; but depth in philosophy bringeth men’s minds about to religion. For while the mind of man looketh upon second causes scattered, it may sometimes rest in them, and go no further; but when it beholdeth the chain of them, confederate and linked together, it must needs fly to Providence and Deity.' Charles Darwin is for his theory of evolution. On the question of God, Darwin admitted in that his feelings often fluctuated. He had a believing that an omnipotent God would have created a world filled with so much suffering. But at the same time, he to conclude that this 'wonderful universe' was the result of 'brute force.'

If he pressed for a label, he that the term 'agnostic' would fit him best. In an to Dutch writer Nicolaas Dirk Doedes, Darwin wrote: 'I may say that the impossibility of conceiving that this grand and wondrous universe, with our conscious selves, arose through chance, seems to me the chief argument for the existence of God; but whether this is an argument of real value, I have never been able to decide. I am aware that if we admit a first cause, the mind still craves to know whence it came and how it arose. Nor can I overlook the difficulty from the immense amount of suffering through the world.

I am, also, induced to defer to a certain extent to the judgment of the many able men who have fully believed in God; but here again I see how poor an argument this is. The safest conclusion seems to be that the whole subject is beyond the scope of man's intellect; but man can do his duty.' Maria Mitchell was and the first woman to be named to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. She was born into a Quaker family, but began to her denomination's teachings in her twenties. She was eventually from membership and for the rest of her life, didn't put much importance on church doctrines or attendance. Instead, she was a religious who pursued a simpler sort of faith. After hearing a minister preach about the dangers of science, Mitchell: 'Scientific investigations, pushed on and on, will reveal new ways in which God works, and bring us deeper revelations of the wholly unknown.'

Albert Einstein, one of the most well-known physicists of the 20th century, was born into. As an adult, he tried to avoid religious labels, rejecting the idea of a but at the same time, separating himself from whom he believed were unable to hear In a, Einstein wrote: 'The most beautiful thing we can experience is the Mysterious — the knowledge of the existence of something unfathomable to us, the manifestation of the most profound reason coupled with the most brilliant beauty. I cannot imagine a God who rewards and punishes the objects of his creation, or who has a will of the kind we experience in ourselves. I am satisfied with the mystery of life's eternity and with the awareness of — and glimpse into — the marvelous construction of the existing world together with the steadfast determination to comprehend a portion, be it ever so tiny, of the reason that manifests itself in nature.

This is the basics of cosmic religiosity, and it appears to me that the most important function of art and science is to awaken this feeling among the receptive and keep it alive.' Who helped pioneer the use of X-ray diffraction, was born into a Jewish family in London. In letters to her father, Franklin made it clear that she seriously doubted the existence of an all powerful creator, or life after death. When her father accused her of making science her religion, Franklin that she had a different definition of faith: 'In my view, all that is necessary for faith is the belief that by doing our best we shall come nearer to success and that success in our aims (the improvement of the lot of mankind, present and future) is worth attaining. Anyone able to believe in all that religion implies obviously must have such faith, but I maintain that faith in this world is perfectly possible without faith in another world.I see no reason to believe that a creator of protoplasm or primeval matter, if such there be, has any reason to be interested in our insignificant race in a tiny corner of the universe, and still less in us, as still more insignificant individuals.' Astronomer is best known for hosting the TV series 'Cosmos.' He the label of 'atheist' because he was open to the possibility that science would perhaps one day find compelling evidence to prove God.

Nevertheless, he thought that the likelihood of that happening was very small. Instead, Sagan talked about ' as something that happens within the realm of material world, when humans encounter nature and are filled with awe. In his book, Sagan: 'Science is not only compatible with spirituality; it is a profound source of spirituality. When we recognize our place in an immensity of light years and in the passage of ages, when we grasp the intricacy, beauty and subtlety of life, then that soaring feeling, that sense of elation and humility combined, is surely spiritual.' Venkatraman Ramakrishnan was in an ancient town in Tamil Nadu, India, that is known for its famous dedicated to the Hindu deity.

A physicist and molecular biologist, Ramakrishnan was the 2009 Nobel Prize in chemistry for his research on ribosomes. While to be an important Vedic science and schedule life events around the movements of the stars, Ramakrishnan has spoken out against this practice in the past. He believes astrology evolved from humans' desire to search for 'patterns, generalize and believe. In an interview with the he said: 'There is no scientific basis for how movement of planets and stars can influence our fate. There is no reason for time of birth to influence events years later.

The predictions made are either obvious or shown to be random. A culture based on superstitions will do worse than one based on scientific knowledge and rational thoughts.” •. Neil deGrasse Tyson is an astrophysicist and a popular television science expert. He told The Huffington Post thathe isn't convinced by religious arguments about the existence of a 'Judeo-Christian' god that is all-powerful and all-good, especially when he observes the death and suffering caused by natural disasters. Still, he told that while he's often 'claimed by atheists,' he's actually more of an agnostic. In a collection of science essays, Tyson: 'So you're made of detritus [from exploded stars].

Or better yet, celebrate it. After all, what nobler thought can one cherish than that the universe lives within us all?' Francis Collins is the (NIH). In a about the intersection between science and faith, Collins described how he from atheism to Christianity and attempts to argue that the idea of a Christian God is with Darwin's theory of evolution. In an essay for CNN, Collins: 'I have found there is a wonderful harmony in the complementary truths of science and faith. The God of the Bible is also the God of the genome.

God can be found in the cathedral or in the laboratory. By investigating God's majestic and awesome creation, science can actually be a means of worship.'